Soundscapes
The following blog is a presentation of the processes and reflections gathered from the Masters Soundscapes Workshop at the University of the West of Scotland. It contains my workings and final versions of soundscapes written both collaboratively and as a solo writer.
Project one - sonify a poem
For my first soundscape, I chose to sonify a poem by Kae Tempest (2023) entitled Simple Things. In order to do this, I spent time thinking about the story I wanted to tell, the conceptual ideas and how I could represent these with sound. I was inspired by the work of Pauline Oliveros (2005), who coined the term 'deep listening', and thought about the way I could interact with my environment and the sounds I heard by listening and responding. I was also really inspired by George the Poet and his work with Benbrick on A Grenfell Story. (2019)
​
I wrote out the words of the poem so that I could better process the meaning of the text. I then drew my vision of the narrative arc - that there would be a period of unrest which would soften, then rise to a period of hopefulness. This gave me an idea of the dynamic shape I wanted to create. The day I was tasked with this, I was poorly, and so this restricted the field recordings I could use to within my house. However, I feel like these limitations helped my creativity and I looked for sounds in my home that to me represented the meanings of Tempest's poem; for the first section, I recorded scratchy sounds from a bath loofah and the sound of a skateboard wheel for the soothing section. I also interacted with my cat, who started purring when I hugged him. Here, I was responding to my environment! I used sounds such as dropping a coin and hitting a shoe box to create a beat, and a Lenor Unstoppables as a shaker, all inspired by the words of the poem. When I was creating this soundscape, the beat didn't sound full enough, even after adding an EQ, and so I decided to create a drum beat and have these found sounds add texture to the piece.
​
For me, this soundscape was really exciting to create! I learned how to use imaging for the first time so that I could carefully place audio instead of just panning it, and also learned how to bus effects - until now I had always just put plug-ins on to the individual channel. I developed skills in granular synthesis where I've been able to manipulate sounds and create new instruments using a sampler. (Brown, 2019) I also learned about stretching audio samples as well as reversing them, and found out the importance of placing a slightly different effect on similar channels so that it doesn't sound too static. (2007, pp. 72-107)
​
​
​
​
​
​
​
​
​
​
Project two - soundscapes and songwriters collaboration


For soundscapes and songwriters' collaboration week, I was teamed up with Andy Newall, and we were tasked with coming up with a piece of sound art that spoke to the concept of an emotion/feeling you've not yet felt. I found this concept particularly difficult and realised that because my practice is rooted in the emotions I have felt, or connecting with an artist i'm writing with on an emotion they've felt, I found it difficult to access this place within me to start writing. Andy and I sat together to discuss ideas, and I found this time very challenging. He suggested that we picture ourselves in the doctor's office being told that we have cancer. This topic was too close to home for me, and when I let Andy know this, he responded in a defensive manner. Following this, Andy listed off some other ideas for subject matters and we landed on the idea of what it would feel like to play at the Hydro, a large concert hall in Glasgow. For me, there is so much importance on the first stage of collaborating; in connecting, in exploring the work you can create together. I found learning in this experience, understanding just how important it is to create a safe space when collaborating, to respect another's boundaries in how much they want to share, and to be respectful and kind when working with someone.
​
Andy started playing the grand piano. He recorded the sound which would represent the soothing element of the piece, where someone found solace in the music being played. I would map out the soundscape once he had finished doing that so that we could start layering sounds, and suggested that we record some found sound, building a picture of the scene of attending a concert. We recorded the sound of footsteps, muffled conversations and used different rooms i.e a gym and a hallway to create a soundscape. We were given feedback that at this point in time, the piece was quite literal. In response to this, we focussed in on creating a narrative, that this could be a soundscape that addresses anxiety, something that could be positioned within a mental health festival. After working together for day one, we had an idea of where we could take this piece, however I would not be able to attend the second day and Andy and I would then work separately to finish the piece.
​
Following on from day one of collaboration, I thought about how I could represent anxiety and panic with sound. Andy and I had created field recordings of noises one would hear at a gig. However the sound didn't feel like it captured the feeling of being at a busy gig for me, and so I experimented with using the sounds in the Alchemy Sampler on Logic Pro x. The sound I made using this sounded urgent and rhythmic, which connected to this idea of a resounding alarm - a panic button going off in someone's brain - a panic attack. To build on this, I used the Baby Audio BA-1 Synth, and realised you can control how much 'battery' was left in this. I turned this right down to represent the person running low on reserves, and played a repetitive melody to show the effect of someone's mental health spiralling downwards.
​
For the middle section of my soundscape, I wanted the feeling of a panic attack to be at its fullest. I used a fast drum beat to represent this, and layered instruments over this section to build an uncomfortable, overwhelming feeling. Upon researching helpful methods in dealing with a panic attack, I thought i'd like to incorporate the '54321' method, where you name 5 things you can see, 4 things you can touch, 3 things you can hear, 2 things you can smell and 1 thing you can taste. The person would hear their friend supporting them through this panic attack, helping them to use grounding techniques. (Suarez-Angelino, 2022) I wanted to repeat the instructions 5 times since there are 5 sensory things to focus on. For the first time, the instructions are muffled and low in the mix - it's hard for the individual to grasp what is being said. The second time, there is slightly more clarity, but it still feels jumbled and hard to grasp. As the friend repeats the phrases, you start to hear the clarity come in to the mix, and we see the effect of this technique starting to work. We go from complete panic and overwhelm to calm clarity.
​
In the third section, we find relief. Here the sound of the piano resounds in a gentle, soothing pace, accompanied by the heavily reverberated strings, almost as an enveloping blanket of peace. The soundscape has taken us on a journey from rugged, poorly tuned sounding instruments and a sense of urgency, through the moment of support, and to a place of calm.
​
For me, I'm quite happy with how the piece turned out. It was interesting to begin this process as a collaborative piece of work and identify the thematic ideas together, but create the end result individually. I feel like I could have perhaps added more instrumentation in the section with 54321 statements, but tried to focus the listener's attention in to trying to figure out what was being said, and I didn't want to potentially distract the listener by adding too much. It was my first time experimenting with automation on the affects, and so I think more practice could strengthen this. I wonder if the instrumentation, going from very synthetic sounds to a piano and string section, sounds a bit disjointed, however I wanted to honour the work Andy and I began on the first day. My final thought on this piece would be to incorporate more found sound in it's natural state - I've enjoyed making new instruments using the sampler, but i'd like to work at incorporating more anthropophony and geophony in my soundscapes. (Pijanowski et al., 2011)
Project three - Pray Away

Project three was a self-directed project, and while I had initially thought about creating a 'portfolio of emotions', I was really inspired in class by the thought of creating something that will perhaps help you process something, exploring something you need to say. For me, that was my experience of growing up queer in the christian church. There were some key moments that I wanted to address; one being when gay marriage was legalised in Wales (Chakrabarti, 2014), and had the experience of seeing and hearing a pastor walk back and forth on the stage shouting that we could not allow this, that 'being gay is wrong.' Following this, I had returned to Scotland, taken to church and had conversion 'therapy' practiced on me by a group of people. These are words and experiences I have carried with me for a long time and wanted to process in this soundscape.
​
I began doing some research in to the impact of conversion practices - a term used by UK mental health charity Mind in their report on the impact this practice has on the LGBTQ+ Community. (Mind, 2022). It was very clear that the research shows the devastating impact this has on someone's mental health (Fjelstrom, 2013) It is a dangerous practice that has very real consequences. (Human Rights Campaign, No Date). I rewatched a documentary entitled Pray Away (2021), which shows scenes similar to those I experienced in my Pentecostal church - people lifting their hands in worship. For my soundscape I wanted to shape the piece like a sermon; songs, bible readings and preaching, songs, and recreated this environment. I started off by layering my vocals, which represented the literal sound of the community coming together to sing at the start of a service. I wanted this section to sound inviting, much like the initial experience I had in the church. I used a particular drum beat, one that I had learned being part of the worship team. I used both my vocals and the drums as a motif throughout the soundscape and would manipulate them sonically. I wrote up a sermon you might hear at church which was read by my friend who agreed to act as the pastor for my soundscape, and then I read a bible verse (Holy Bible New International Version, Luke 15: 3-7). When i'm reading the bible verse, I used an undulating reverb to highlight the whispers of those in the church gossiping about me being gay. The pastor comes in with phrases like "this is a safe space", and I repeat them in the soundscape to show the way I believed these words. The piece hits a crescendo, an almost unbearable listen when the pastor shouts 'being gay is wrong' - something that was said once or twice during that sermon, but words that have reverberated in my head for 10 years. I wanted to use the drums I created earlier and create a cocophany of sound. I was inspired by a TikTok video I came across (Akramf88, 2023), where the drummer showed the phase that happens when you play the same beat just one bpm apart. For me, I could represent the journey from hearing the welcoming words - 'you are welcome here...' to 'you are welcome here if...' to 'you are not welcome if you are gay'. It feels like being pulled apart.
​
I used a sampler to manipulate the vocals and the drums, creating new instruments. I put a vocal line in to the sampler to create a 'wobbly' synth sound, which takes the listener from this beautiful place in to uncertainty. For the transition section from the pastor's welcome in to the bible verse, we hear the midi notes from the drum beat being used as a deep unsettling sound. Throughout the piece, I also used the chord sequence that I wrote for the welcome section, used a reverb to create the sound of bells, something that feels synonymous with church. I used this to create a really unsettling feeling which would be automated to get louder and louder.
​
Overall, i'm really happy with how this piece turned out. I think I had a strong idea of what I wanted to say and used the tools of my vocals and drums well to represent these ideas throughout the soundscape. In future, i'd like to experiment more with positionality of where the listener is, using tools like EQ and imaging to achieve this. I would like to pitch this to a mental health charity such as Mind, or perhaps ask an LGBTQ+ charity such as Stonewall if this could be used to support a ban in conversion practices, that it might be heard by those legislating to change these harmful practices experienced by the queer community. For me, it was really important to take the words that have been said to me, and have you bear witness to them. I will end with a quote from Pauline Oliveros:
​
“She shared her goals, which included “expanded consciousness”; later, she would add “humanitarian purposes; specifically healing.”
(O’Brien, 2016)
​
Process - Simple Things
Process - Panic
Process - Pray Away
Bibliography
Akramf88, (2023) ‘One Beat, Different bpm.’ [TikTok] 11 November. Available at: https://www.tiktok.com/@akramf88/video/7300223725054512385 (Accessed 11 November)
​
Alempijevic et al. (2020) Statement on Conversion Therapy. Available at: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1752928X20300366 (Accessed 24 November 2023)
Brown, G (2019) The Basics of Granular Synthesis. Available at: https://www.izotope.com/en/learn/the-basics-of-granular-synthesis.html ( Accessed 1 December 2023)
Chakrabarti, R. (2014) Gay Marriage Legalised at Midnight in England and Wales. Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-26782081 (Accessed November 16 2023)
​
Fjelstrom, J. (2013) Sexual Orientation Change Efforts and the Search for Authenticity. Available at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/epdf/10.1080/00918369.2013.774830?needAccess=true (Accessed 29 October 2023)
George the Poet (2019) A Grenfell Story. [Have You Heard George’s Podcast?] September 2019. Available at: https://open.spotify.com/episode/2PlmeW5DO2uIZUR9KQ1zp5 (Accessed 17 October 2023)
​
Gibbs T. (2007) The Fundamentals of Sonic Art & Sound Design. London: Thames & Hudson.
​
Holy Bible New International Version (1978) Manhattan: Biblica.
Human Rights Campaign (No Date) The Lies and Dangers of Efforts to Change Sexual Orientation or Gender Identity. Available at: https://www.hrc.org/resources/the-lies-and-dangers-of-reparative-therapy (Accessed 22 November 2023)
​
Pijanowski, B.C., L.J. Villanueva-Rivera, S.L. Dumyahn, A. Farina, B.L. Krause, B.M. Napoletano, S.H. Gage, and N. Pieretti. (2011) Soundscape ecology: The science of sound in the landscape. BioScience 61:203–216, https://doi.org/10.1525/bio.2011.61.3.6.
​
Tempest, K. (2023) 'Simple Things.' (Author) Divisble by Itself and One. London: Picador.
Mind (2022) “It Can Completely Destroy a Person.” How Mind Plans to Make MPs Understand the Devastating Effects of Conversion ‘Therapy’. Available at: https://www.mind.org.uk/news-campaigns/news/it-can-completely-destroy-a-person-how-mind-plans-to-make-mps-understand-the-devastating-effects-of-conversion-therapy/ (Accessed 14 November 2023)
Mind (2022) Conversion ‘Therapy’ Ban: Legislating to Protect the Mental Health of the LGBTQIA Community. Available at: https://www.mind.org.uk/media/tcsjaimo/conversion-therapy-ban-legislating-to-protect-the-mental-health-of-the-lgbtqia-community-december-2022.pdf (Accessed 15 November 2023)
Nichols, P. (2017) Found Sound: Noise as Art. Available at: https://www.prsformusic.com/m-magazine/features/found-sound-noise-art#:~:text='When%20I%20look%20at%20a,and%20the%20conversations%20I%20had. (Accessed: 29 November 2023)
Oliveros, P. (2005) Deep Listening: A Composer’s Sound Practice. Available at: https://www.agosto-foundation.org/sites/default/files/upload/oliveros_pauline_deep_listening_a_composers_sound_practice_2005.pdf (Accessed 25 November 2023)
O’Brien, K. (2016) Listening as Activisim: The “Sonic Meditations” of Pauline Oliveros. Available at: https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/listening-as-activism-the-sonic-meditations-of-pauline-oliveros (Accessed 26 November 2023)
Pray Away (2021) Available at: Netflix. 3 August. (Accessed: 20 November 2023)
​
Suarez-Angelino, L. (2022) The 54321 Method.: Benefits and How to Use It. Available at: https://www.choosingtherapy.com/54321-method/ (Accessed 12 November 2023)